尚硅谷大数据技术之Zookeeper 第4章 Zookeeper实战
4.1 分布式安装部署
0)集群规划
在hadoop102、hadoop103和hadoop104三个节点上部署Zookeeper。
1)解压安装
(1)解压zookeeper安装包到/opt/module/目录下
[atguigu@hadoop102 software]$ tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz -C /opt/module/
(2)在/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/这个目录下创建zkData
mkdir -p zkData
(3)重命名/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf这个目录下的zoo_sample.cfg为zoo.cfg
mv zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
2)配置zoo.cfg文件
(1)具体配置
dataDir=/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/zkData
增加如下配置
#######################cluster##########################
server.2=hadoop102:2888:3888
server.3=hadoop103:2888:3888
server.4=hadoop104:2888:3888
(2)配置参数解读
Server.A=B:C:D。
A是一个数字,表示这个是第几号服务器;
B是这个服务器的ip地址;
C是这个服务器与集群中的Leader服务器交换信息的端口;
D是万一集群中的Leader服务器挂了,需要一个端口来重新进行选举,选出一个新的Leader,而这个端口就是用来执行选举时服务器相互通信的端口。
集群模式下配置一个文件myid,这个文件在dataDir目录下,这个文件里面有一个数据就是A的值,Zookeeper启动时读取此文件,拿到里面的数据与zoo.cfg里面的配置信息比较从而判断到底是哪个server。
3)集群操作
(1)在/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/zkData目录下创建一个myid的文件
touch myid
添加myid文件,注意一定要在linux里面创建,在notepad++里面很可能乱码
(2)编辑myid文件
vi myid
在文件中添加与server对应的编号:如2
(3)拷贝配置好的zookeeper到其他机器上
scp -r zookeeper-3.4.10/ root@hadoop103.atguigu.com:/opt/app/
scp -r zookeeper-3.4.10/ root@hadoop104.atguigu.com:/opt/app/
并分别修改myid文件中内容为3、4
(4)分别启动zookeeper
[root@hadoop102 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh start
[root@hadoop103 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh start
[root@hadoop104 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh start
(5)查看状态
[root@hadoop102 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower
[root@hadoop103 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader
[root@hadoop104 zookeeper-3.4.5]# bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower
4.2 客户端命令行操作
命令基本语法 |
功能描述 |
help |
显示所有操作命令 |
ls path [watch] |
使用 ls 命令来查看当前znode中所包含的内容 |
ls2 path [watch] |
查看当前节点数据并能看到更新次数等数据 |
create |
普通创建 -s 含有序列 -e 临时(重启或者超时消失) |
get path [watch] |
获得节点的值 |
set |
设置节点的具体值 |
stat |
查看节点状态 |
delete |
删除节点 |
rmr |
递归删除节点 |
1)启动客户端
[atguigu@hadoop103 zookeeper-3.4.10]$ bin/zkCli.sh
2)显示所有操作命令
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] help
3)查看当前znode中所包含的内容
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[zookeeper]
4)查看当前节点数据并能看到更新次数等数据
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls2 /
[zookeeper]
cZxid = 0x0
ctime = Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970
mZxid = 0x0
mtime = Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970
pZxid = 0x0
cversion = -1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 0
numChildren = 1
5)创建普通节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] create /app1 "hello app1"
Created /app1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create /app1/server101 "192.168.1.101"
Created /app1/server101
6)获得节点的值
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] get /app1
hello app1
cZxid = 0x20000000a
ctime = Mon Jul 17 16:08:35 CST 2017
mZxid = 0x20000000a
mtime = Mon Jul 17 16:08:35 CST 2017
pZxid = 0x20000000b
cversion = 1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 10
numChildren = 1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] get /app1/server101
192.168.1.101
cZxid = 0x20000000b
ctime = Mon Jul 17 16:11:04 CST 2017
mZxid = 0x20000000b
mtime = Mon Jul 17 16:11:04 CST 2017
pZxid = 0x20000000b
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 13
numChildren = 0
7)创建短暂节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] create -e /app-emphemeral 8888
(1)在当前客户端是能查看到的
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] ls /
[app1, app-emphemeral, zookeeper]
(2)退出当前客户端然后再重启客户端
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] quit
[atguigu@hadoop104 zookeeper-3.4.10]$ bin/zkCli.sh
(3)再次查看根目录下短暂节点已经删除
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[app1, zookeeper]
8)创建带序号的节点
(1)先创建一个普通的根节点app2
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11] create /app2 "app2"
(2)创建带序号的节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] create -s /app2/aa 888
Created /app2/aa0000000000
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14] create -s /app2/bb 888
Created /app2/bb0000000001
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15] create -s /app2/cc 888
Created /app2/cc0000000002
如果原节点下有1个节点,则再排序时从1开始,以此类推。
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 16] create -s /app1/aa 888
Created /app1/aa0000000001
9)修改节点数据值
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] set /app1 999
10)节点的值变化监听
(1)在104主机上注册监听/app1节点数据变化
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 26] get /app1 watch
(2)在103主机上修改/app1节点的数据
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] set /app1 777
(3)观察104主机收到数据变化的监听
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDataChanged path:/app1
11)节点的子节点变化监听(路径变化)
(1)在104主机上注册监听/app1节点的子节点变化
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /app1 watch
[aa0000000001, server101]
(2)在103主机/app1节点上创建子节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] create /app1/bb 666
Created /app1/bb
(3)观察104主机收到子节点变化的监听
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeChildrenChanged path:/app1
12)删除节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] delete /app1/bb
13)递归删除节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] rmr /app2
14)查看节点状态
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] stat /app1
cZxid = 0x20000000a
ctime = Mon Jul 17 16:08:35 CST 2017
mZxid = 0x200000018
mtime = Mon Jul 17 16:54:38 CST 2017
pZxid = 0x20000001c
cversion = 4
dataVersion = 2
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 3
numChildren = 2
4.3 API应用
4.3.1 eclipse环境搭建
1)创建一个Maven工程
2)添加pom文件
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.zookeeper/zookeeper --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.4.10</version> </dependency> </dependencies> |
3)拷贝log4j.properties文件到项目根目录
4.3.2 创建ZooKeeper客户端
private static String connectString = "hadoop102:2181,hadoop103:2181,hadoop104:2181"; private static int sessionTimeout = 2000; private ZooKeeper zkClient = null;
@Before public void init() throws Exception {
zkClient = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent event) { // 收到事件通知后的回调函数(用户的业务逻辑) System.out.println(event.getType() + "--" + event.getPath());
// 再次启动监听 try { zkClient.getChildren("/", true); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } |
4.3.3 创建子节点
// 创建子节点 @Test public void create() throws Exception { // 数据的增删改查 // 参数1:要创建的节点的路径; 参数2:节点数据 ; 参数3:节点权限 ;参数4:节点的类型 String nodeCreated = zkClient.create("/eclipse", "hello zk".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,CreateMode.PERSISTENT); } |
4.3.4 获取子节点并监听
// 获取子节点 @Test public void getChildren() throws Exception { List<String> children = zkClient.getChildren("/", true);
for (String child : children) { System.out.println(child); }
// 延时阻塞 Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE); } |
4.3.5 判断znode是否存在
// 判断znode是否存在 @Test public void exist() throws Exception { Stat stat = zkClient.exists("/eclipse", false);
System.out.println(stat == null ? "not exist" : "exist"); } |
4.4 案例实战
监听服务器节点动态上下线案例
1)需求:某分布式系统中,主节点可以有多台,可以动态上下线,任意一台客户端都能实时感知到主节点服务器的上下线
2)需求分析
3)具体实现:
(0)现在集群上创建/servers节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] create /servers "servers"
Created /servers
(1)服务器端代码
package com.atguigu.zkcase; import java.io.IOException; import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;
public class DistributeServer { private static String connectString = "hadoop102:2181,hadoop103:2181,hadoop104:2181"; private static int sessionTimeout = 2000; private ZooKeeper zk = null; private String parentNode = "/servers"; // 创建到zk的客户端连接 public void getConnect() throws IOException{ zk = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() {
@Override public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
} }); } // 注册服务器 public void registServer(String hostname) throws Exception{ String create = zk.create(parentNode + "/server", hostname.getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL); System.out.println(hostname +" is noline "+ create); } // 业务功能 public void business(String hostname) throws Exception{ System.out.println(hostname+" is working ..."); Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // 获取zk连接 DistributeServer server = new DistributeServer(); server.getConnect(); // 利用zk连接注册服务器信息 server.registServer(args[0]); // 启动业务功能 server.business(args[0]); } } |
(2)客户端代码
package com.atguigu.zkcase; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;
public class DistributeClient { private static String connectString = "hadoop102:2181,hadoop103:2181,hadoop104:2181"; private static int sessionTimeout = 2000; private ZooKeeper zk = null; private String parentNode = "/servers"; private volatile ArrayList<String> serversList = new ArrayList<>();
// 创建到zk的客户端连接 public void getConnect() throws IOException { zk = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() {
@Override public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
// 再次启动监听 try { getServerList(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); }
// public void getServerList() throws Exception { // 获取服务器子节点信息,并且对父节点进行监听 List<String> children = zk.getChildren(parentNode, true); ArrayList<String> servers = new ArrayList<>(); for (String child : children) { byte[] data = zk.getData(parentNode + "/" + child, false, null);
servers.add(new String(data)); }
// 把servers赋值给成员serverList,已提供给各业务线程使用 serversList = servers;
System.out.println(serversList); }
// 业务功能 public void business() throws Exception { System.out.println("client is working ..."); Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE); }
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 获取zk连接 DistributeClient client = new DistributeClient(); client.getConnect();
// 获取servers的子节点信息,从中获取服务器信息列表 client.getServerList();
// 业务进程启动 client.business(); } } |
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